The characteristics that make it exceptional include:
- The habitat: Cold water entering the river from Whitemans Creek and springs makes it a good habitat for smallmouth bass, walleye, northern pike and rainbow trout. Also present are several fish species at risk including black redhorse and river redhorse.
- The river valley: Much of the river is lined by virtually untouched Carolinian forest, which is unique to a part of southern Ontario.
- Recreational use: This part of the river is popular for canoeing, fishing, hiking and other activities. Two GRCA rail trails follow the river.
- History: The river played an important role in the development of Brantford and Paris as a source of waterpower and a transportation route.
- A source of water: Brantford and Ohsweken take all of their water from the river.